Class 8 History Chapter 3 Questions and Answers

 Here are all types of Questions and Answers from Class 8 History Chapter 3 – "Ruling the Countryside" based on NCERT syllabus, including:

  • 📘 MCQs

  • ✅ True/False

  • ✍️ Fill in the Blanks

  • 🟩 One-word Answers

  • 📌 One-liner Questions

  • ✏️ Short Answer Questions

  • 📝 Long Answer Questions

📘 A. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

  1. The Permanent Settlement was introduced in:

    • (a) 1773

    • (b) 1793 ✅

    • (c) 1813

    • (d) 1833

  2. The system in which indigo was cultivated on ryots' land was called:

    • (a) Nij

    • (b) Dadon

    • (c) Ryoti ✅

    • (d) Zamindari

  3. Who introduced the Permanent Settlement?

    • (a) Warren Hastings

    • (b) Lord Dalhousie

    • (c) Lord Cornwallis ✅

    • (d) William Bentinck

  4. The Blue Rebellion took place in:

    • (a) 1757

    • (b) 1800

    • (c) 1859 ✅

    • (d) 1905

✅ B. True or False

  1. The Ryotwari system was introduced in Bengal. – False

  2. Indigo was in great demand in Europe for dyeing cloth. – True

  3. In the Nij system, indigo was cultivated by planters on their own land. – True

  4. The Mahalwari system was introduced in the Bombay Presidency. – False

✍️ C. Fill in the Blanks

  1. The Permanent Settlement was introduced by Lord ________. → Cornwallis

  2. The word Ryot means __________. → Peasant

  3. Indigo was used to make __________ dye. → Blue

  4. The Blue Rebellion occurred in the year __________. → 1859

🟩 D. One-word Answers

  1. Which color was extracted from indigo plant? → Blue

  2. Who collected revenue under the Ryotwari system? → British Government

  3. What was the local term for peasant in Bengal? → Ryot

  4. The active volcano in Andaman is called? → (Irrelevant for this chapter)

📌 E. One-liner Questions

  1. What is the Ryoti system?
    👉 A system where peasants (ryots) were forced to grow indigo on their land under a contract.

  2. Why did the British grow indigo in India?
    👉 To export it to Europe where blue dye was in demand for the textile industry.

  3. What was the result of the Blue Rebellion?
    👉 Indigo cultivation was banned in Bengal and a commission was set up.

  4. What is the Mahalwari system?
    👉 A revenue system where land revenue was collected from village headmen (mahal) based on land quality and production.

✏️ F. Short Answer Questions

  1. Why did the Permanent Settlement fail?
    👉 The revenue was fixed too high, and if crops failed, zamindars couldn’t pay. They lost land, and peasants suffered due to high rents.

  2. What was the difference between the Nij and Ryoti systems?
    👉 In Nij system, planters grew indigo on their own land. In Ryoti system, peasants grew it under contract, often through coercion and debt.

  3. Why did peasants refuse to grow indigo?
    👉 They were exploited, received little money, and indigo exhausted soil nutrients.

📝 G. Long Answer Questions

1. Describe the Permanent Settlement system. What were its effects?

👉 The Permanent Settlement was introduced by Lord Cornwallis in 1793 in Bengal. Zamindars were made owners of land and had to pay a fixed revenue to the Company annually. The system led to:

  • High revenue demand, even in bad years.

  • Zamindars lost lands if they failed to pay.

  • Peasants were exploited and had no rights.

  • The British failed to generate the revenue they expected.

2. Explain the causes and consequences of the Blue Rebellion.

👉 Indigo cultivation under the Ryoti system caused distress to peasants. They had to take loans, grow indigo instead of food, and were poorly paid.

Causes:

  • Forced cultivation of indigo.

  • Unfair contracts.

  • Exhaustion of soil and starvation.

Consequences:

  • Peasants revolted in 1859.

  • Planters fled; factories were attacked.

  • British formed an Indigo Commission.

  • Indigo farming was banned in Bengal.


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